2009年10月23日 星期五
Mamma Mia!
Mamma Mia! is a jukebox musical with a book by British playwright Catherine Johnson, based on the songs of ABBA, composed by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus, former members of the band. It was an early example of the jukebox musical genre and helped to popularize the form. Although the title of the musical is taken from the group's 1975 chart-topper Mamma Mia, the plot is fictional, not biographical.
The musical includes such hits as "Super Trouper", "Dancing Queen", "Knowing Me, Knowing You", "Take A Chance On Me", "Thank You for the Music", "Money, Money, Money", "The Winner Takes It All", "Voulez Vous", "I Have a Dream" and "SOS". It had been seen by over ten million people worldwide as of July 2003. Estimates in 2007 bring the number to 30 million.[citation needed] Since its opening in 1999, the production has grossed US $2.0 billion in earnings.
媽媽咪呀！是個點唱機音樂的一本書，是英國劇作家凱瑟琳約翰遜的創作。歌曲組成，由前樂隊的成員尼安德森和比約烏爾法厄斯。這是一個早期例子，是點唱機的音樂風格，並幫助推廣形式。雖然標題音樂是來自該集團1975年的單曲媽媽咪呀，劇情是虛構的，而不是傳記。
音樂劇包括主打“超級馬戲團員”，“舞后”，“認識我，了解你”，“給我個機會”，“謝謝你的音樂”，“錢，錢，錢”，“勝者為王“，” 你想嗎“，”我有個夢“和”求救訊號“。它被視為超過1000萬人在全球的2003年7月，估計帶來3000萬美元。開幕以來，1999年，生產票房20億美元的收益。
2009年10月22日 星期四
Music genre
A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other types of music.
Some treat the terms genre and style as the same, and state that genre should be defined as pieces of music that share a certain style or "basic musical language". Others state that genre and style are two separate terms, and that secondary characteristics such as subject matter can also differentiate between genres.[3] A music genre (or sub-genre) could be defined by the techniques, the styles, the context and the themes (content, spirit). Also, geographical origin sometimes is used to define the music genre, though a single geographical category will normally include a wide variety of sub-genres.
一個音樂類型明確的構造，確定了音樂的聲音是屬於特定類別和類型的音樂，可區別於其他類型的音樂。
一些治療條件流派和風格相同的，指出體裁應定為作品的音樂，分享某種風格或”基本音樂語言“。其他國家的流派和風格是兩個不同的條款，而中學等特點，題材也可以區分類型。音樂流派（或子類型）可以定義的技術，風格，背景和主題（內容）的精神。此外，地理來源有時是用來定義的音樂風格，但一個地理類通常包括多種多樣的子類型。
Secular music
Secular music is non-sacred music that developed in the Medieval period and was used in the renaissance . Renaissance musicians wrote a lot of secular music. Swaying authority from the church that focused more on Common Law influenced all aspects of Medieval life, including music. Secular music in the Middle Ages included love songs, political satire, dances, and dramatic works. Drums, harps, recorders, and bagpipes were the instruments used in secular music because they were easy for the traveling musicians to tote around. Instruments were taught through oral tradition and provided great dancing music and accompanied the stanzas well. Words are a large part of secular music so that common people can sing songs together for entertainment. Music styles were changed by secularization. These poems contain clever rhyme-schemes, varied use of refrain-lines or words, and different metric patterns.
世俗音樂的非宗教音樂，發達在國家中世紀，文藝復興時期。文藝復興時期的音樂家寫了很多世俗音樂。搖擺不定的權力來自教會，更注重以普通法為各個方面的影響，中世紀的生活，包括音樂。世俗音樂在中世紀，包括情歌，政治諷刺，舞蹈和戲劇作品。鼓，豎琴，錄像機和風笛是使用的工具。世俗音樂因為容易流傳，儀器通過口頭傳統被教導，伴隨著良好的敘述，提供了巨大的音樂和舞蹈。語言在世俗音樂裡佔很大的部份，讓一般人可以唱歌，一起娛樂。音樂風格，改變了世俗化。這些詩韻包含聰明，計劃，避免使用不同文字以及不同的度量方式。
Minimalism
Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is stripped down to its most fundamental features. As a specific movement in the arts it is identified with developments in post-World War II Western Art, most strongly with American visual arts in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Prominent artists associated with this movement include Donald Judd, Agnes Martin, Robert Morris, and Frank Stella. It is rooted in the reductive aspects of Modernism, and is often interpreted as a reaction against Abstract expressionism and a bridge to Postmodern art practices.
The terms have expanded to encompass a movement in music which features repetition and iteration, as in the compositions of Steve Reich, La Monte Young, Philip Glass, John Adams, and Terry Riley.
The term "minimalist" is often applied colloquially to designate anything which is spare or stripped to its essentials. It has also been used to describe the plays and novels of Samuel Beckett, the films of Robert Bresson, the stories of Raymond Carver, and even the automobile designs of Colin Chapman.
極少運動主義描述各種形式的藝術和設計，尤其是視覺藝術和音樂，那裡的工作被剝離到其最根本的特徵。作為一種特定的藝術運動，是認同發展後，第二次世界大戰西方藝術，最強烈的視覺藝術與美國在60年代末和70年代初。著名藝術家與此相關的運動包括唐納德賈德，艾格尼絲馬丁，羅伯特莫里斯，以及斯特拉。它是植根於現代主義還原方面，通常解釋為反應對抽象表現主義和後現代藝術的橋樑做法。
範圍已擴大到包括運動功能，在音樂的重複和循環，如組成的史蒂夫賴希，拉蒙楊，菲利普格拉斯，約翰亞當斯和特里萊利。
術語“最低限度”，往往是應用俗稱指定任何這是備用或剝奪其本質。它也被用來描述戲劇和塞繆爾貝克特的小說，電影的羅伯特布萊松的故事雷蒙德卡弗，甚至汽車設計科林查普曼。
Gagaku
Gagaku (literally "elegant music") is a type of Japanese classical music that has been performed at the Imperial court for several centuries. It consists of three primary bodies:
1. Native Shintoist religious music and folk songs and dance, called kuniburi no utamai
2. A Goguryeo and Manchurian form, called komagaku (named for Koma, one of the Three Kingdoms)
3. A Chinese and South Asia form (specifically Tang Dynasty), called togaku.
Gagaku, like shomyo, employs the Yo scale, a pentatonic scale with ascending intervals of two, three, two, and two semitones between the five scale tones.
雅樂（高雅音樂）是一種日本古典音樂的類型，已完成的朝廷幾個世紀。它有三個主要機構：
本機神道教的宗教音樂和民族歌曲和舞蹈，叫kuniburi沒有utamai
阿高句麗和滿洲的形式，稱為komagaku（命名為救命，一三國）
阿中和南亞的形式（特別是唐朝），稱為togaku
雅樂，如稱名，採用了規模五聲音階與上升每隔兩，三，二，兩個半音5級之間的色調。
Experimental music
Experimental music refers, in the English-language literature, to a compositional tradition which arose in the mid-twentieth century, particularly in North America, and whose most famous and influential exponent was John Cage. More loosely, the term "experimental" is used in conjunction with genre names to describe music within specific genres that pushes against their boundaries or definitions, or else whose approach is a hybrid of disparate styles, or incorporates unorthodox, new, distinctly unique ingredients. Similarly, it has sometimes been used to describe "transethnic" music: the mixture of recognizable music genres. A quite distinct sense was current in the late 1950s to describe computer-controlled composition, and the term at that time also was sometimes used for electronic music and musique concrète. "Experimental music" has also been used in music journalism as a general term of disapprobation for music departing from traditional norms.
實驗音樂是指在英文語言文學，傳統興起於20世紀中葉，特別是在北美其最著名，影響最大的是約翰凱奇。術語“實驗”用於同類型的名稱，來描述在特定類型的音樂針對其範圍或定義，否則，其方法是一種混合型的不同風格，或採用非傳統的，新的，獨特的明顯成分。同樣，有時被用來形容“transethnic”音樂：混合識別音樂流派。一種完全不同的感覺，是目前在50年代末來描述計算機控制的組成和任期，當時也有用於電子音樂和音樂學院的具體。 “實驗音樂”也被用於音樂新聞，作為一般長期的非難音樂偏離傳統規範。
2009年10月19日 星期一
Classical music
Classical music is the mainstream music produced in, or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and secular music, encompassing a broad period from roughly the 9th century to present times. The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common practice period.
European music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to prescribe to the performer the pitch, speed, meter, individual rhythms and exact execution of a piece of music. This leaves less room for practices, such as improvisation and ad libitum ornamentation, that are frequently heard in non-European art music (compare Indian classical music and Japanese traditional music) and popular music.
The public taste for and appreciation of formal music of this type waned in the late 20th century, in the United States and United Kingdom in particular. This period has seen classical music falling behind the immense commercial success of popular music, although the number of CDs sold is not the only indicator of the popularity of classical music.
古典音樂是一個廣義的術語，通常指的是主流音樂製作，或植根於傳統的西方禮儀和世俗音樂，涵蓋廣泛的時期大約從公元9世紀到當今時代。中央規範的這一傳統開始編纂1550和1900年，即所謂的共同做法時期。
歐洲音樂主要是區別於其他許多非歐洲和流行音樂的形式在其工作人員的符號系統，使用自十六世紀。西方員工所使用符號作曲家明訂的表演場上，個別的節奏和準確執行一塊音樂。使空間更小的做法，諸如即興和自由採食裝飾，經常聽到的是在非歐洲藝術音樂（古典音樂比較，印度和日本的傳統音樂）和流行音樂。
為市民口味和欣賞音樂正式這種類型的消退，在二十世紀末期，美國和英國尤其如此。這一時期出現的古典音樂落後巨大商業成功的流行音樂，雖然光盤的銷售數量不是唯一指標的普及古典音樂。
2009年9月29日 星期二
Joe Hisaishi
He is best known for his work with animator Hayao Miyazaki(宮崎峻), having composed many scores for many of his films including Ponyo on the Cliff by the Sea(崖上的波妞,2008), Spirited Away(千與千尋 ,2001), Howl's Moving Castle(霍爾的移動城堡,2004), Princess Mononoke(幽靈公主,1997), My Neighbor Totoro(龍貓,1988), and Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind(風之谷,1984).
雖然持有不同風格的聲音，久石讓的音樂已經知道要接納及探索不同的類型，其中包括最低限度、實驗電子、歐洲古典、日本古典。鮮為人知的是其他樂器，他扮演的角色，也是一個排字工人、作者、編曲，以及負責人的管絃樂隊。
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